Birth Control Method
Hormonal
Description
Depo-Provera, also known as "the birth control shot," is a hormone much like the progesterone a woman produces during the last two weeks of her monthly cycle, after her body has determined it does not contain a fertilized egg. Progesterone causes the cervical mucus to become thicker, so sperm cannot reach the egg, and also changes the lining of the uterus so implantation of a fertilized egg cannot occur. Depo-Provera mimics these conditions, preventing pregnancy from occurring.
How It Works
You must see a health-care professional to get a Depo-Provera injection, and return every three months for a new injection. Most clinics provide the first shot when a woman has her period or within seven days of the start of her period. If you are late for your shot, be sure to use condoms or another method until you see your doctor again.
Should You Use It?
Depo-Provera is one of the most effective methods of contraception, but it does not protect against the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Also, some women have experienced severe reactions to the hormonal shot. If you have a monogamous partner who has tested negative for STIs, you might want to try Depo-Provera. If you experience unpleasant side effects, see your doctor or clinician who may be able to prescribe additional medications to help alleviate the symptoms.
Effectiveness
Among typical couples who initiate use of Depo-Provera, about 3 in 1000 will experience an accidental pregnancy in the first year.
STI Protection
Depo-Provera does not prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.
Advantages
- Nothing must to be taken daily or used at the time of sexual intercourse.
- An extremely effective form of birth control.
- Women lose less blood using Depo-Provera and have less menstrual cramping.
- Often after three injections women stop having periods.
- Completely confidential -- no one has to know you are using this method.
- Nursing mothers can receive Depo-Provera injections once the baby is 6 weeks old.
- Depo-Provera may improve PMS, depression and symptoms from endometriosis.
Disadvantages
- Can lead to very irregular periods and spot bleeding.
- Can cause weight gain, headaches and breast tenderness.
- Does not offer protection from HIV or other infections.
- A new injection is required every three months.
- May make symptoms of depression and PMS worse.
- May lower your estrogen level and cause bone loss, although this is has not yet been proven.
- A few women are allergic to Depo-Provera.
Where to Buy It
You can get Depo-Provera injections from your clinician, health department or family planning clinic.
Follow Up
Complete information about this contraceptive is available from your clinician or from the package insert that is provided when you are given Depo-Provera injections.
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